Bridge bearings transfer deck loads to the substructure and allow controlled movement from thermal expansion and traffic loading. Installing or replacing bearings involves working beneath heavy deck structures using specialist jacking equipment. The loads are substantial and any failure during jacking can be catastrophic. This talk covers the hazards and controls every operative must follow during bearing work.
Key Hazards
Deck collapse or uncontrolled movement during jacking operations
Crushing injuries from heavy bearing units during handling
Working beneath suspended deck structures with falling object risk
Confined working conditions on abutments restricting movement and escape
Control Measures
Ensure a detailed method statement and temporary works design are approved before any work begins.
Use calibrated jacking equipment rated for the specified deck load with adequate safety margin.
Install temporary bearing packs to secure the deck before removing existing bearings from position.
Monitor deck movement with dial gauges or displacement sensors throughout all jacking operations.
Establish exclusion zones beneath and around the deck during jacking and bearing removal activities.
Use mechanical lifting aids to position bearings rather than manual handling of heavy components.
Brief all operatives on the jacking sequence and emergency lowering procedures before starting.
Provide safe access using scaffolding or platforms to all bearing locations on piers and abutments.
Check that jacking pads are placed on structurally adequate surfaces before applying any load.
Emergency / Rescue
If uncontrolled deck movement occurs during jacking, stop all operations immediately and evacuate the area. Do not re-enter until the temporary works designer has assessed and confirmed it is safe to proceed.
Remember
A temporary works design must be approved before any jacking or bearing work starts
Jacking equipment must be calibrated and rated for the deck load with safety margin
Deck movement must be monitored continuously throughout jacking and bearing replacement
Exclusion zones must be maintained beneath the deck during all bearing operations
Emergency lowering procedures must be briefed and understood before jacking begins
Applicable Legislation: CDM Regulations 2015 · BS 5975:2019 (Temporary Works) · LOLER 1998 · Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974