Mechanical demolition uses excavators fitted with specialist attachments such as crushers, shears, pulverisers, and breakers to dismantle structures in a controlled manner. The machines generate significant dust, noise, vibration, and flying debris. Operating heights may exceed the reach of standard machines, requiring high-reach demolition rigs. Exclusion zones must be maintained around the machine at all times because falling debris is unpredictable and can be projected considerable distances from the structure.
Key Hazards
Falling debris striking workers outside poorly maintained exclusion zones
Machine instability when operating at maximum reach on elevated structures
Flying fragments projected at high speed from crushers and shears
Dust and noise at harmful levels during sustained mechanical breaking operations
Control Measures
Establish and maintain exclusion zones around the demolition machine at a radius specified in the method statement.
Use only trained and competent operators holding CPCS demolition plant category cards.
Select the correct attachment for the material and structural element being demolished.
Follow the approved demolition sequence and never take down structural members out of order.
Use continuous water suppression to control dust generated by crushing and breaking operations.
Ensure hearing protection is worn by all workers within the noise hazard zone.
Inspect the machine, attachment, and quick hitch at the start of every shift before operations begin.
Monitor the remaining structure for signs of instability during and after each phase of demolition.
Brief all site personnel on the exclusion zone limits and the demolition programme daily.
Emergency / Rescue
If unexpected structural movement is observed, shut down the machine and evacuate the exclusion zone immediately. Do not re-enter until a structural engineer has assessed the situation and confirmed it is safe.
Remember
Exclusion zones around demolition machines must be maintained at all times without exception.
Flying debris from crushers and shears can be projected much further than expected.
The demolition sequence in the method statement maintains structural stability at every stage.
Dust from mechanical demolition exceeds safe levels very quickly — water suppression is essential.