Excavation emergencies including trench collapse, flooding, and gas ingress can develop rapidly and without warning. A buried worker can suffocate within minutes under displaced soil. Having a clear emergency procedure and the right rescue equipment on site can mean the difference between life and death. This talk covers what to do in an excavation emergency.
Key Hazards
Suffocation from soil collapse burying a worker in the trench
Drowning from rapid flooding of an excavation after pipe burst
Gas poisoning from pockets of ground gas entering the excavation
Secondary collapse injuring rescuers who enter without precautions
Control Measures
Develop a site-specific excavation emergency plan before any excavation work begins.
Ensure rescue equipment including a ladder, throw line, and breathing apparatus is available at the excavation.
Brief all operatives on the emergency procedure and their roles before entering any excavation.
Call 999 immediately for any trench collapse, flooding, or casualty trapped in an excavation.
Do not enter a collapsed trench to rescue a casualty unless trained and equipped to do so safely.
Locate and mark emergency access routes for the fire service and ambulance before work starts.
Ensure a trained first aider is present on site at all times during excavation activities.
Practise the excavation emergency procedure before deep or high-risk excavations commence.
Keep the emergency contact numbers for utility companies displayed at the excavation.
Emergency / Rescue
If a trench collapses, call 999 immediately. Do not enter the trench. Direct the fire service to the exact location. Keep bystanders well clear. If the casualty is visible and accessible without entering, provide reassurance and keep their airway clear of loose soil.
Remember
Call 999 immediately for any trench collapse, flooding, or trapped person
Do not enter a collapsed trench to rescue someone unless you are trained and equipped
Rescue equipment must be available at the excavation before anyone enters it
Brief every operative on the emergency procedure before they enter the excavation
Know the emergency access route so emergency services can reach the excavation quickly
Applicable Legislation: CDM 2015 · Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 · MHSWR 1999 · Confined Spaces Regulations 1997