Brazing and soldering use heat to join metals with a filler material at temperatures lower than welding but still high enough to cause serious burns and fire. Brazing torches, flux chemicals, and lead-free solder all present specific health and safety risks. This talk covers the hazards of brazing and soldering on construction sites and the controls pipefitters and building services engineers must follow.
Key Hazards
Burns from contact with brazed joints, torches, or hot filler materials
Inhalation of flux fumes causing respiratory irritation and metal fume fever
Fire risk from torch flame igniting nearby combustible materials or insulation
Lead exposure from legacy solder types used in maintenance or repair work
Control Measures
Obtain a hot works permit before brazing or soldering near combustible materials on site.
Ensure adequate ventilation or use local exhaust extraction when brazing in enclosed areas.
Use a heat-resistant mat behind the joint to protect combustible surfaces from torch heat.
Wear leather gauntlets, safety glasses, and flame-resistant clothing during all brazing operations.
Allow joints to cool naturally — do not quench with water unless the material specification permits.
Carry out a fire watch for at least 60 minutes after brazing or soldering work is completed.
Use only lead-free solder for all potable water system joints as required by the Water Regulations.
Store gas cylinders upright and secured, with regulators removed when not in use.
Check torch connections, hoses, and regulators for leaks before lighting the flame.
Remember
A hot works permit is required before brazing or soldering near any combustible materials
Ensure adequate ventilation or local exhaust extraction when brazing in enclosed areas
Place a heat-resistant mat behind the joint to protect combustible surfaces from torch heat
Carry out a fire watch for at least 60 minutes after completing all brazing or soldering
Use only lead-free solder for potable water system joints as the Water Regulations require
Check torch connections, hoses, and regulators for leaks before lighting the flame each time
Applicable Legislation: COSHH Regulations 2002 · Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005 · Water Supply (Water Fittings) Regulations 1999 · Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974