Impact Protection Vehicle (IPV) Use and Positioning
TBT-HWY-022
An impact protection vehicle is a heavy lorry fitted with a crash cushion positioned upstream of highway works to absorb the energy of errant vehicles before they reach the work area. IPVs save lives by sacrificing the vehicle to protect the workers behind it. Correct positioning is critical — too close to the works provides insufficient stopping distance, too far away leaves a gap in protection. The IPV must be manned, positioned precisely as specified in the traffic management design, and never moved without authorisation.
Key Hazards
Errant vehicle bypassing the IPV due to incorrect positioning or offset angle
IPV driver injured by the collision if positioned inside the cab during impact
Workers moving beyond the protection zone of the IPV into unshielded areas
IPV displaced by a previous impact and not repositioned before work continues
Control Measures
Position the IPV at the exact distance and offset specified in the traffic management design.
Ensure the IPV driver vacates the cab and moves to the safe zone during all active working periods.
Maintain the IPV in the designated position throughout the shift and do not move it without authorisation.
Inspect the crash cushion at the start of each shift for damage from previous impacts.
Replace or reposition the IPV immediately if it has been struck and the crash cushion is compressed.
Brief all workers on the IPV protection zone and prohibit anyone from working beyond its coverage.
Ensure the IPV is clearly visible to approaching traffic with reflective markings and warning lights.
Coordinate IPV positioning with the traffic management layout to provide continuous protection.
Record the IPV position daily in the site diary as evidence of compliance.
Remember
The IPV exists to be hit instead of you — it is the last line of defence against errant vehicles.
Correct positioning distance and offset angle are calculated for the specific road speed at the location.
The IPV driver must vacate the cab during working periods and move to the protected safe zone.
If the IPV has been struck, the crash cushion must be inspected and replaced before work can continue.
Never work beyond the protection zone of the IPV — you are exposed to full-speed traffic outside it.
The IPV must remain in position throughout the shift and only be moved by the traffic management team.
Applicable Legislation: Traffic Signs Manual Chapter 8 · CDM Regulations 2015 · Highways England Interim Advice Notes · Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974