BLD/Roofing/TBT-BLD-018

Balcony Construction and Safety

Building & Structural Works › Roofing › Balcony Construction and Safety

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Balcony construction involves working at height on cantilevered or supported structures at building edges.
Falls from balconies during construction are a significant cause of serious injury and death in the UK.
The Work at Height Regulations 2005 require edge protection or fall arrest during all balcony work.
Balcony formwork and temporary propping must be designed as temporary works and formally approved.
Precast balcony units are heavy and require planned lifting operations with certified equipment.
Connection details between balconies and the main structure are critical for structural stability.
Waterproofing and drainage detailing on balconies must be installed correctly to prevent defects.
Work on balconies exposes operatives to wind loading, which increases fall risk significantly.
Materials stored on balconies during construction can overload the structure before it is fully cured.
Balcony edge protection must remain in place until permanent balustrades or barriers are installed.

Prevent fatal falls	Balconies are open-sided elevated structures where a fall is likely to cause death or serious injury.
Structural safety	Incorrect propping, connection, or loading of balconies during construction can cause structural collapse.
Legal requirement	The Work at Height Regulations 2005 and CDM 2015 require planned fall prevention for all balcony work.

Don't

Install edge protection to all open sides of balconies before any work begins
Ensure temporary works designs for balcony propping are approved before loading
Use a planned lifting operation with exclusion zones for precast balcony units
Check connection details match the structural engineer's design before fixing
Brief all operatives on the safe system of work and rescue plan for balcony tasks
Limit material storage on balconies to prevent overloading the temporary structure
Use a harness and lanyard as backup when edge protection cannot be maintained
Inspect edge protection daily and after high winds or severe weather events
Ensure waterproofing membranes are installed before follow-on trades access balconies
Maintain clear access and housekeeping on balconies to prevent trips near the edge

DON'T work on balconies without edge protection or personal fall arrest equipment
DON'T overload balcony structures with materials before the concrete has fully cured
DON'T remove temporary propping until authorised by the temporary works coordinator
DON'T lean over balcony edges to carry out work on the facade below
DON'T use balcony edges as a step or platform to gain additional height
DON'T store loose materials near balcony edges where they could fall onto people below
DON'T carry out balcony work in high winds without a specific risk assessment
DON'T bypass the lift plan by manually handling heavy items onto balcony areas
DON'T alter balcony connection details without approval from the structural engineer
DON'T remove permanent balustrade fixings or brackets during construction activities

See also: Edge Protection Requirements | Formwork Erection and Striking

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