FIR/Specific/TBT-FIR-031
Timber Frame Building Fire Risk
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Timber Frame Building Fire Risk
Timber frame buildings under construction are highly vulnerable to fire because the exposed structural timber has not yet been protected by plasterboard, fire barriers, or sprinkler systems. A fire during construction can destroy an entire building in minutes. Several major UK construction fires have involved timber frame structures. This talk covers the specific fire risks and the controls that must be in place throughout the timber frame phase.
Key Hazards
Total building loss from fire spreading rapidly through exposed timber framing
Arson targeting unprotected timber frame buildings outside working hours
Hot works igniting timber frame elements through walls or floors
Electrical faults in temporary wiring igniting timber in concealed cavities
Control Measures
- Implement a timber frame fire safety plan specific to the project before erection begins.
- Prohibit all hot works within the timber frame structure unless exceptional circumstances require a permit.
- Install temporary fire detection and alarm systems covering all floors of the timber frame during erection.
- Provide fire extinguishers at every level and at each staircore access point within the frame.
- Restrict smoking to designated areas well away from the timber frame building at all times.
- Install fire barriers and cavity closers as early as practicable to limit fire spread through the frame.
- Secure the site perimeter and timber frame building against arson and unauthorised access after hours.
- Keep combustible waste, packaging, and storage away from the timber frame structure at all times.
- Brief all operatives on the fire plan, escape routes, and alarm system before working in the frame.
Remember
- A timber frame fire safety plan must be in place before erection of the frame begins
- Hot works within the timber frame should be prohibited unless under an exceptional permit
- Temporary fire detection and alarm systems must cover all floors during the erection phase
- Install fire barriers and cavity closers as early as possible to limit potential fire spread
- Secure the building against arson and unauthorised access outside working hours every night
- Keep combustible waste and packaging well clear of the timber frame structure at all times
Applicable Legislation: Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005 · CDM Regulations 2015 · STA Timber Frame Fire Safety Guide · Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974
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