HOT/General/TBT-HOT-027
MIG TIG and MMA Welding Safety Comparison
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Toolbox Talk
MIG TIG and MMA Welding Safety Comparison
MIG, TIG, and MMA are the three most common arc welding processes used on UK construction sites. Each process generates different levels of fume, UV radiation, spatter, and noise, and requires specific PPE and controls. Understanding the differences ensures the correct protection is used for each process. This talk compares the hazards of each welding method and the controls that apply to all three.
Key Hazards
Welding fume inhalation causing chronic respiratory disease and lung cancer
UV radiation burns to eyes and skin from the welding arc at close range
Spatter burns from MIG and MMA processes striking exposed skin
Electric shock from faulty or damaged welding equipment on wet sites
Control Measures
- Provide local exhaust ventilation or appropriate RPE to control fume exposure for all three processes.
- Use the correct auto-darkening filter shade for the welding process and amperage in use.
- Wear flame-resistant clothing, leather gauntlets, and a welding helmet during all arc welding operations.
- Ensure welding return leads are connected close to the arc to prevent stray current paths.
- Inspect welding cables, holders, torches, and earth clamps before each shift for damage or wear.
- Screen welding operations to protect nearby workers from UV radiation and spatter exposure.
- Ensure TIG tungsten grinding is done with extraction to prevent thoriated tungsten dust inhalation.
- Keep gas cylinders upright, secured, and away from the arc during MIG and TIG operations.
- Obtain a hot works permit where welding is carried out near combustible materials on site.
Remember
- Local exhaust ventilation or RPE must be provided to control fume for all arc welding processes
- Use the correct auto-darkening filter shade matched to the welding process and amperage
- Flame-resistant clothing, leather gauntlets, and welding helmet are mandatory for all arc welding
- Screen welding operations to protect nearby workers from UV radiation and spatter burns
- Inspect cables, holders, torches, and earth clamps before every shift for damage or wear
- Gas cylinders must be upright, secured, and kept away from the welding arc at all times
Applicable Legislation: COSHH Regulations 2002 · Electricity at Work Regulations 1989 · Personal Protective Equipment at Work Regulations 1992 · Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974
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